Japanese grammar
What does ～べく（動詞） mean? Japanese grammar N1
～べく（動詞） means in order to… (formal, with verbs).
| Level (estimated, JLPT framework) | N1 |
|---|---|
| Structure | V辞書形 + べく する → すべく |
| Romaji | beku(doushi) |
| Meaning | in order to… (formal, with verbs) |
Forming it
| Verb | 維持する + べく |
|---|---|
| Verb (する) | 解決 + すべく |
How to use it
States a formal purpose; the same pattern as 「～べく」 already covered in the compact list.
- 「～べく」 = in order to achieve purpose A, one does B. Formal, used in writing (see also the entry 「～べく」).
- 「する」 contracts to 「すべく」, which is the standard written form (「するべく」 also occurs but is less formal).
- The clause that follows is an action aimed at the purpose; it is not used for commands or requests.
Examples
健康を維持すべく、毎朝歩いている。
In order to stay healthy, I walk every morning.
問題を早期に解決すべく、対策本部が設けられた。
A task force was set up in order to resolve the issue quickly.
Keep in mind
- 「する」 → 「すべく」.
- The clause that follows is not a command.
Common mistakes
-
Wrong合格するべく、頑張ってください。
In order to pass, I will make an effort.
Correct合格すべく、努力している。
The clause that follows must be the SUBJECT's own action toward the purpose; it is not used for requests or commands.
-
Wrong問題を早期に解決するべく、対策本部が設けられた。
In order to resolve the problem quickly, a countermeasure headquarters was established.
Correct問題を早期に解決すべく、対策本部が設けられた。
「する」 contracts to 「すべく」, which is the standard form in formal writing.
Exam tips
- 「べく」 = in order to (formal); 「する」→「すべく」; the following clause is not a command.