Japanese grammar

What does ~くなる/~になる mean? Japanese grammar N5

~くなる/~になる means become; change into a state.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N5
StructureAい drop い + くなる
Aな + になる
N + になる
Romajikunaru ninaru
Meaningbecome; change into a state

Forming it

Connectionい-adjective drop い + くなる / な-adjective + になる / N + になる

How to use it

Expresses a natural change in a quality, state, or status.

  • An い-adjective changes い to く before なる; な-adjectives and nouns connect with に.
  • This pattern focuses on the result of the change, without emphasizing who actively caused it to happen.

Examples

  • It became warmer when spring came.

  • I will become a university student next year.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong寒(さむ)いになります。

    It's gotten cold.

    Correct寒(さむ)くなります。

    An い-adjective must change い → く: 寒い → 寒くなります.

  • Wrong来年(らいねん)、大学生(だいがくせい)でなります。

    Next year I will become a university student.

    Correct来年(らいねん)、大学生(だいがくせい)になります。

    A noun connects to 「なる」 with 「に」, not 「で」: 大学生になります.

Exam tips

  • Distinguish なる (become on its own) from する (make it become).

Related patterns

All N5 grammar →