Japanese grammar
What does なAdjective(na-adjective) mean? Japanese grammar N5
なAdjective(na-adjective) means na-adjective.
| Level (estimated, JLPT framework) | N5 |
|---|---|
| Structure | なAdj + です なAdj + な + N |
| Romaji | na-keiyōshi |
| Meaning | na-adjective |
Forming it
| Past | 静かでした |
|---|---|
| Present | 静かです |
| Negative | 静かじゃありません |
| Before a noun | 静かな部屋 |
| Past negative | 静かじゃありませんでした |
| Connecting sentences | 静かで |
How to use it
Describes a quality or property (the adjective group that conjugates like a noun).
- A na-adjective conjugates LIKE A NOUN (uses です/でした/じゃありません).
- Only when placed BEFORE A NOUN do you add な: 静かな部屋. At the end of a sentence there is no な: この部屋は静かです.
- Some words look like i-adjectives but are actually na-adjectives: きれい・ゆうめい・きらい — don't be fooled by the final い.
Examples
この部屋は静かです。
This room is quiet.
きれいな花ですね。
What a beautiful flower.
Common mistakes
-
Wrongきれいくないです。
Not pretty.
Correctきれいじゃありません。
きれい is a na-adjective (even though it ends in い) → negate with じゃありません.
-
Wrong私は静か部屋が好きです。
I like a quiet room.
Correct私は静かな部屋が好きです。
A na-adjective before a noun must have な.
Exam tips
- きれい・ゆうめい・きらい are the three words most often mistaken for i-adjectives.