Japanese grammar

What does なAdjective(na-adjective) mean? Japanese grammar N5

なAdjective(na-adjective) means na-adjective.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N5
StructureなAdj + です
なAdj + な + N
Romajina-keiyōshi
Meaningna-adjective

Forming it

Past静かでした
Present静かです
Negative静かじゃありません
Before a noun静かな部屋
Past negative静かじゃありませんでした
Connecting sentences静かで

How to use it

Describes a quality or property (the adjective group that conjugates like a noun).

  • A na-adjective conjugates LIKE A NOUN (uses です/でした/じゃありません).
  • Only when placed BEFORE A NOUN do you add な: 静かな部屋. At the end of a sentence there is no な: この部屋は静かです.
  • Some words look like i-adjectives but are actually na-adjectives: きれい・ゆうめい・きらい — don't be fooled by the final い.

Examples

  • This room is quiet.

  • What a beautiful flower.

Common mistakes

  • Wrongきれいくないです。

    Not pretty.

    Correctきれいじゃありません。

    きれい is a na-adjective (even though it ends in い) → negate with じゃありません.

  • Wrong私(わたし)は静(しず)か部屋(へや)が好(す)きです。

    I like a quiet room.

    Correct私(わたし)は静(しず)かな部屋(へや)が好(す)きです。

    A na-adjective before a noun must have な.

Exam tips

  • きれい・ゆうめい・きらい are the three words most often mistaken for i-adjectives.

Related patterns

All N5 grammar →