Japanese grammar

What does 必ずしも~とは限らない mean? Japanese grammar N3

必ずしも~とは限らない means not necessarily…; not always….

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N3
Structure必ずしも + plain form + とは限らない
必ずしも + N + とは限らない
Romajikanarazushimo tohakagiranai
Meaningnot necessarily…; not always…

Forming it

Noun幸せ → 必ずしも幸せとは限らない
Adjectiveよい → 必ずしもよいとは限らない

How to use it

Refutes a common assumption: what people usually think isn't always true.

  • Fixed pair: 「必ずしも」 goes with 「とは限らない」 (or 「わけではない」): 「高いものが必ずしもよいとは限らない」.
  • This is a PARTIAL NEGATION — not a total one. The sentence above means "expensive things can be good, but not all of them are".
  • 「とは限らない」 can be used on its own; adding 「必ずしも」 makes the nuance of refuting an assumption clearer.

Examples

  • Expensive things are not necessarily good.

  • Famous people are not necessarily happy.

Keep in mind

  • 「必ずしも」 always pairs with negation.
  • This is a partial negation, not a total one.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong高(たか)いものは必(かなら)ずしもよくない。

    Expensive things aren't necessarily good.

    Correct高(たか)いものが必(かなら)ずしもよいとは限(かぎ)らない。

    「必ずしもよくない」 becomes a total negation; this pattern only negates partially.

  • Wrong必(かなら)ずしも高(たか)いものがいい。

    It's not necessarily true that expensive things are good.

    Correct必(かなら)ずしも高(たか)いものがいいとは限(かぎ)らない。

    「必ずしも」 must go with a negative clause.

Exam tips

  • 「必ずしも~とは限らない」 = not necessarily... (a PARTIAL negation).

Related patterns

All N3 grammar →