Japanese grammar

What does ~(よ)うとしない mean? Japanese grammar N3

~(よ)うとしない means refuse to ~; make no attempt to ~; have no intention of ~ing.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N3
StructureV意向形 + としない
Romaji(yo)utoshinai
Meaningrefuse to ~; make no attempt to ~; have no intention of ~ing

Forming it

Group I謝る → 謝ろうとしない
Group II食べる → 食べようとしない
Group IIIする → しようとしない

How to use it

Criticizes the subject for REFUSING to do something they ought to do. Only used for someone else.

  • 「Vようとしない」 = refuses to do: 「彼は謝ろうとしない」. This is the negative form of 「ようとする」, but the meaning has shifted strongly toward criticism.
  • Not used for ONESELF: 「私は勉強しようとしない」 sounds very odd — to talk about oneself, use 「勉強する気になれない」.
  • Also used for a stubborn thing/phenomenon: 「熱が下がろうとしない」 (the fever just won't go down).

Examples

  • He refuses to admit his own mistake.

  • Even after taking medicine, the fever will not go down.

Keep in mind

  • Conjugate to the volitional form first, then add 「としない」.
  • Not used to talk about oneself.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong彼(かれ)は勉強(べんきょう)しないとしない。

    He refuses to study.

    Correct彼(かれ)は勉強(べんきょう)しようとしない。

    Must conjugate the VOLITIONAL FORM 「しよう」 before 「としない」.

  • Wrong私(わたし)は宿題(しゅくだい)をしようとしない。

    I'm just not in the mood to do my homework.

    Correct私(わたし)は宿題(しゅくだい)をする気(き)になれない。

    This pattern is a criticism of someone else and is not used for oneself.

Exam tips

  • 「(よ)うとしない」 = refuses to do (criticizing someone else); attaches to the volitional form.

Related patterns

All N3 grammar →