Japanese grammar

What does ~にこたえて mean? Japanese grammar N2

~にこたえて means in response to (an expectation, request, or call).

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N2
StructureN + に応えて
N + に応える + N
Romajinikotaete
Meaningin response to (an expectation, request, or call)

Forming it

Noun期待 + に応えて
Noun (modifier)要望 + に応える + サービス

How to use it

Action B is done in RESPONSE to expectation/request/wish A. Formal.

  • 「~に応えて」 = "responding to A (期待・要望・声援・要求)". B is the action that responds to A.
  • As a modifier, use 「に応える + N」.
  • Different from 「に応じて」 (read おうじて, depending on/adjusting): 「に応えて(こたえて)」 = RESPONDING TO a specific wish.

Examples

  • Living up to the fans’ expectations, he won the championship.

  • In response to consumer demand, they developed a new product.

Keep in mind

  • Attaches to a noun (期待・要望・声援).
  • Note the reading 「こたえて」, different from 「に応じて/おうじて」.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong収入(しゅうにゅう)に応(こた)えて、税金(ぜいきん)が変(か)わる。

    Taxes change depending on income.

    Correct収入(しゅうにゅう)に応(おう)じて、税金(ぜいきん)が変(か)わる。

    "Depending on/adjusting to variation" uses 「に応じて(おうじて)」; 「に応えて(こたえて)」 = responding to a wish.

  • Wrongこれはファンの期待(きたい)に応(こた)えての活躍(かつやく)だ。

    This is a performance that responds to the fans’ expectations.

    Correctこれはファンの期待(きたい)に応(こた)える活躍(かつやく)だ。

    As a modifier, use 「に応える + N」.

Exam tips

  • 「に応えて(こたえて)」 = responding to expectations/requests; different from 「に応じて(おうじて)」 (depending on).

Related patterns

All N2 grammar →