Japanese grammar

What does ~にかわって mean? Japanese grammar N2

~にかわって means in place of…; on behalf of… (substituting or representing).

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N2
StructureN + に代わって
N + に代わる + N
Romajinikawatte
Meaningin place of…; on behalf of… (substituting or representing)

Forming it

Noun (thing)現金 + に代わって
Noun (person)社長 + に代わって

How to use it

Does something in place of/representing A; or B replaces A (the new replaces the old). Formal.

  • 「~に代わって」: (a) doing something IN PLACE OF/representing someone (社長に代わって挨拶); (b) B REPLACES A (現金に代わって電子マネー).
  • As a modifier, use 「に代わる + N」.
  • Distinguish from 「代わりに」 (instead of/in return) — a broader meaning, also used for personal choices.

Examples

  • On behalf of the president, the vice president gave the address.

  • In place of cash, electronic money has spread.

  • I attended the ceremony on behalf of my sick father.

Keep in mind

  • Attaches to a noun.
  • Means acting on behalf of someone, or replacing something.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong社長(しゃちょう)に代(か)わっての挨拶(あいさつ)をする。

    I gave the speech in place of the director.

    Correct社長(しゃちょう)に代(か)わって挨拶(あいさつ)をする。

    As an adverbial, use 「に代わって + verb」; only as a modifier is 「に代わる + N」 used.

  • Wrongコーヒーに代(か)わって、紅茶(こうちゃ)にする。

    Instead of coffee, I’ll have tea.

    Correctコーヒーの代(か)わりに、紅茶(こうちゃ)にする。

    A simple substitute choice uses 「代わりに」; 「に代わって」 emphasizes representing/replacing in a positional sense.

  • Wrong父(ちち)がかわって、私(わたし)が出席(しゅっせき)します。

    I attended in place of my father.

    Correct父(ちち)にかわって、私(わたし)が出席(しゅっせき)します。

    The person being replaced/represented takes 「に」.

  • Wrong駅(えき)に近(ちか)いにかわって、家賃(やちん)が高(たか)い。

    It’s close to the station, but in return the rent is expensive.

    Correct駅(えき)に近(ちか)いかわりに、家賃(やちん)が高(たか)い。

    The trade-off meaning belongs to 「かわりに」; 「にかわって」 is only used for actual replacement.

Exam tips

  • 「に代わって」 = on behalf of/replacing; as a modifier, 「に代わる+N」; distinguish from 「代わりに」.

Related patterns

All N2 grammar →