Japanese grammar

What does ~とされる mean? Japanese grammar N1

~とされる means is considered to be…; is said to be….

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N1
Structure普通形 + とされる
N + とされる
Romajitosareru
Meaningis considered to be…; is said to be…

Forming it

Noun世界最古 + とされる
Clause効果がある + とされる

How to use it

States a GENERAL view held by society/experts, not the speaker's own opinion. Written.

  • 「~とされる」 = regarded by (society/experts) as... An objective view; the speaker does not personally vouch for it.
  • Common in academic writing and news: 「~とされている」 emphasizes a currently accepted state.
  • Different from 「~と思われる」 (seems like, a guess): 「とされる」 is a view that has already been widely accepted.

Examples

  • This temple is regarded as Japan’s oldest wooden structure.

  • Moderate exercise is said to be beneficial to health.

Keep in mind

  • The majority's view, not the speaker's own opinion.
  • The form 「とされている」 is very common.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong私(わたし)はこの案(あん)がいいとされる。

    I think this plan is good.

    Correctこの案(あん)がいいと思(おも)う。

    「とされる」 states the view of the MAJORITY; a personal opinion uses 「と思う」.

  • Wrong明日(あした)は雨(あめ)とされる。

    Tomorrow is forecast to be rainy.

    Correct明日(あした)は雨(あめ)とみられる。

    A forecast/guess uses 「とみられる」; 「とされる」 is a view that has already been accepted.

Exam tips

  • 「とされる」 = regarded as (a majority view); different from 「と思う」 (personal opinion).

Related patterns

All N1 grammar →