Japanese grammar

What does ~を抜いて mean? Japanese grammar N1

~を抜いて means leaving out…; without….

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N1
StructureN + を抜いて
Romajiwonuite
Meaningleaving out…; without…

Forming it

Noun (excluded)彼 + を抜いて
Noun (overtaken)前の走者 + を抜いて

How to use it

Excludes an object from the scope being discussed. Also means "to overtake" in a competitive context.

  • 「~を抜いて」: (a) excluding A, not counting A — 「彼を抜いて全員が集まった」 (everyone gathered except him); (b) overtaking A (in a race/ranking) — 「前の走者を抜いて一位になった」 ([he] overtook the runner ahead and took first place).
  • The particle 「を」 is REQUIRED; 「彼ぬいて」 is grammatically incorrect.
  • For meaning (a), a more formal alternative is 「~を除いて」.

Examples

  • Everyone gathered except him.

  • On the final corner he overtook the runner ahead and took first.

Keep in mind

  • 「を」 is mandatory.
  • Distinguish the two meanings by context.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong彼(かれ)ぬいて全員(ぜんいん)が集(あつ)まった。

    Except for him, everyone gathered.

    Correct彼(かれ)を抜(ぬ)いて全員(ぜんいん)が集(あつ)まった。

    The particle 「を」 is REQUIRED — 「彼ぬいて」 is not correct Japanese.

  • Wrong子供(こども)メニューを抜(ぬ)いてすべておいしい。

    Except for the kids' menu, everything is delicious.

    Correct子供(こども)メニューを除(のぞ)いてすべておいしい。

    For the meaning "except" in writing, 「を除いて」 sounds more natural.

Exam tips

  • 「を抜いて」 = excluding A / overtaking A; the particle 「を」 is required.

Related patterns

All N1 grammar →