Japanese grammar

What does ~によらず mean? Japanese grammar N1

~によらず means regardless of; irrespective of.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N1
StructureN + によらず
Romajiniyorazu
Meaningregardless of; irrespective of

Forming it

Noun (condition)天候 + によらず
Noun (criterion)年齢 + によらず

How to use it

States that factor A doesn't affect the outcome. Formal, literary.

  • 「~によらず」 = not depending on A; whatever A is like, the result stays the same.
  • Close to 「~にかかわらず/~を問わず」; 「によらず」 emphasizes "not taking A as the basis".
  • Common fixed phrases: 「何によらず」 (whatever it may be), 「人によらず」.

Examples

  • Regardless of age, anyone may apply.

  • Regardless of the weather, the event will proceed as scheduled.

Keep in mind

  • Attaches to a noun indicating a criterion or condition.
  • The clause that follows states an unchanging result.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong雨(あめ)によらず、試合(しあい)をした。

    Despite the rain, the match still took place.

    Correct雨(あめ)にもかかわらず、試合(しあい)をした。

    "Despite/in spite of" uses 「にもかかわらず」; 「によらず」 = not dependent on a given criterion.

  • Wrong高(たか)いによらず、買(か)った。

    Regardless of the price, I bought it.

    Correct値段(ねだん)によらず、買(か)った。

    「によらず」 attaches to a NOUN denoting a criterion, not to an adjective.

Exam tips

  • 「によらず」 = not dependent on A; different from 「にもかかわらず」 (despite).

Related patterns

All N1 grammar →