Japanese grammar

What does ~ようが mean? Japanese grammar N1

~ようが means no matter if one…; even if….

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N1
StructureV volitional form + が
Romajiyouga
Meaningno matter if one…; even if…

Forming it

Connectionvolitional form V + が

How to use it

No matter what the assumption is, it doesn't affect the conclusion. Attaches to the volitional form, written style.

  • 「V volitional+が」 = even if V: 「降ろうが」 (even if it rains), 「反対しようが」 (even if [someone] opposes), 「言おうが」 (even if [someone] says). The 「~ようと」 version has the same meaning.
  • The fixed pair 「~ようが~まいが」 = whether one does it or not: 「行こうが行くまいが、私には関係ない」 (whether I go or not doesn't concern me).
  • The following clause is an unchanging conclusion, often with 「関係ない (doesn't matter)・変わらない (doesn't change)・行われる (takes place)」.

Examples

  • Even if it rains, the match will be held.

  • No matter who objects, I will not change my mind.

Keep in mind

  • Requires the volitional form: 「降ろうが」, not 「降るようが」.
  • Adjectives use 「~かろうが」, nouns use 「~であろうが」.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong雨(あめ)が降(ふ)るようが行(おこな)う。

    Correct雨(あめ)が降(くだ)ろうが行(おこな)う。

    Before が, use the volitional form: 降る → 降ろう.

Exam tips

  • 「~ようが」 = even if...; attaches to the volitional form, commonly paired as 「ようが~まいが」.

Related patterns

All N1 grammar →