Japanese grammar
What does ~向け mean? Japanese grammar N2
~向け means meant for…; aimed at… (the target audience).
| Level (estimated, JLPT framework) | N2 |
|---|---|
| Structure | N + 向け N + 向けの + N N + 向けに + V |
| Romaji | muke |
| Meaning | meant for…; aimed at… (the target audience) |
Forming it
| Modifier | 子ども → 子ども向けの番組 |
|---|---|
| Predicate | 若者 → 若者向けだ |
How to use it
States the target audience that a product/content is MADE SPECIFICALLY for. Reflects the maker's intent.
- 「N向け」 = made specifically for N: 「この雑誌は若者向けだ」「初心者向けの教材」.
- Different from 「N向き」: 「向け」 is an INTENTIONAL target; 「向き」 means SUITABLE for, even without intent — 「この料理は子ども向きだ」 (this dish suits children).
- Modifying a noun needs 「の」, modifying a verb uses 「に」: 「海外向けに輸出する」.
Examples
この雑誌は若者向けに作られている。
This magazine is made for young people.
初心者向けの教材を探しています。
I am looking for teaching materials for beginners.
Keep in mind
- Modifying a noun needs 「の」.
- 「向き」 = suitable for (without intent), different from 「向け」.
Common mistakes
-
Wrong子ども向け番組を見た。
I watched a program made for children.
Correct子ども向けの番組を見た。
Modifying a noun needs 「の」.
-
Wrongこの味は子ども向けだから、辛くない。
This flavor suits children, so it's not spicy.
Correctこの味は子ども向きだから、辛くない。
When it's not intentionally made for someone but merely "suits" them, use 「向き」.
Exam tips
- 「向け」 = made specifically for (intentional); 「向き」 = suitable for.