Japanese grammar

What does ~てまで mean? Japanese grammar N2

~てまで means to the point of even…; sacrificing… in order to.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N2
StructureVて + まで
N + までして
Romajitemade
Meaningto the point of even…; sacrificing… in order to

Forming it

Noun借金 → 借金までして
Verb徹夜して → 徹夜してまで

How to use it

States an extreme price someone is willing to pay. The speaker usually sees it as excessive.

  • 「Vてまで」 = to the extent of…: 「借金してまで、高い車を買いたくない」.
  • Very often used in negative sentences to say "not worth it": 「そこまでしてまで勝ちたいとは思わない」.
  • For a noun, use 「Nまでして」: 「徹夜までして準備した」.

Examples

  • I do not want an expensive car badly enough to go into debt for it.

  • He even stayed up all night to prepare the presentation.

  • I don’t want designer goods badly enough to go into debt.

Keep in mind

  • Carries the speaker's assessment (usually critical).
  • Nouns use 「までして」.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong朝(あさ)早(はや)く起(お)きてまで、散歩(さんぽ)した。

    I got up that early just to go for a walk.

    Correct朝(あさ)早(はや)く起(お)きてまで、行列(ぎょうれつ)に並(なら)んだ。

    The second clause must be worth paying that price for — going for a walk isn't "extreme" enough.

  • Wrong借金(しゃっきん)までて車(くるま)を買(か)った。

    He even went into debt to buy a car.

    Correct借金(しゃっきん)までして車(くるま)を買(か)った。

    A noun uses the frame 「Nまでして」.

  • Wrong朝(あさ)ごはんを食(た)べてまで、学校(がっこう)へ行(い)く。

    I even skipped breakfast to rush to school in time.

    Correct朝(あさ)ごはんを抜(ぬ)いてまで、学校(がっこう)へ急(いそ)いだ。

    A must be something EXTREME/a sacrifice; an ordinary action cannot use this pattern.

  • Wrong借金(しゃっきん)するまで買(か)いたくない。

    I don't want to go into debt just to buy it.

    Correct借金(しゃっきん)をしてまで買(か)いたくない。

    Attaches the て form + まで (「してまで」); 「するまで」 means "until [I] borrow," which is completely different.

Exam tips

  • 「てまで」 = to the extent of… (with a critical nuance); for a noun use 「までして」.

Related patterns

All N2 grammar →