Japanese grammar
What does ~かなあ mean? Japanese grammar N4
~かなあ means I wonder ~; I'm not sure if ~.
| Level (estimated, JLPT framework) | N4 |
|---|---|
| Structure | Plain form + かなあ na-adjective/noun (drop だ) + かなあ |
| Romaji | kanaa |
| Meaning | I wonder ~; I'm not sure if ~ |
Forming it
| Connection | Casual verb + かなあ, i-adjective + かなあ, (na-adjective/Noun) + (だ) + かなあ |
|---|
How to use it
Musing or wondering to yourself. Stretching 「かな」 into 「かなあ」 makes the tone more wistful.
- Gender-neutral, used by both men and women; 「かしら」 leans feminine.
- Combined with the ない form it becomes a wish: 「早く来ないかなあ」 = I wish they'd come soon.
Examples
明日、雨が降るかなあ。
I wonder if it’ll rain tomorrow.
このケーキ、おいしいかなあ。
I wonder if this cake is any good.
明日は晴れるかなあ。
I wonder if it will be sunny tomorrow.
Keep in mind
- Spoken language; written language uses 「~だろうか」.
Common mistakes
-
Wrong明日、雨が降りますかなあ。
I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.
Correct明日、雨が降るかなあ。
Before 「かなあ」, use the PLAIN form, not the ます form.
-
Wrongこのケーキ、おいしいだかなあ。
I wonder if this cake is any good.
Correctこのケーキ、おいしいかなあ。
i-adjectives do not attach 「だ」 before 「かなあ」.
-
Wrongこれは大丈夫だかなあ。
I wonder if this is okay.
Correctこれは大丈夫かなあ。
After nouns and na-adjectives, 「だ」 must be dropped.
-
Wrong部長、この資料でいいかなあ。
Department manager, is this document alright?
Correct部長、この資料でよろしいでしょうか。
「かなあ」 is a self-muttering expression, not used to ask someone above you.
Exam tips
- かなあ is neutral; かしら leans feminine.