Japanese grammar
What does ~上は mean? Japanese grammar N2
~上は means now that (something has been done), (one must see it through).
| Level (estimated, JLPT framework) | N2 |
|---|---|
| Structure | Vた + 上は Vる + 上は |
| Romaji | ueha |
| Meaning | now that (something has been done), (one must see it through) |
Forming it
| Having taken on a task | 引き受けた → 引き受けた上は |
|---|
How to use it
Once one has decided or already gone ahead and done A, one is obliged to see it through. The second clause is a DETERMINATION or duty.
- 「Vた上は」 = having already gone ahead with / decided on A: 「この仕事を引き受けた上は、最後までやり遂げる」.
- The second clause MUST be a determination, duty, or strong recommendation: 「~べきだ」「~つもりだ」「~なければならない」.
- Only connects to a VERB. Close to 「以上(いじょう)」 and 「からには」 — all three require a committal second clause.
Examples
この仕事を引き受けた上は、最後までやり遂げるつもりだ。
Now that I have taken on this job, I intend to see it through.
留学すると決めた上は、しっかり準備しなければならない。
Now that I have decided to study abroad, I must prepare properly.
Keep in mind
- Only attaches to a verb.
- The second clause is a determination/duty, not an invitation.
Common mistakes
-
Wrong試験に合格した上は、パーティーを開こう。
Since I passed the exam, let's throw a party.
Correct試験に合格したから、パーティーを開こう。
The second clause must be a determination/duty, not an invitation.
-
Wrong学生の上は、勉強すべきだ。
Once one is a student, one must study.
Correct学生である以上、勉強すべきだ。
「上は」 only connects to a verb; for a noun, use 「以上」.
Exam tips
- 「Vた上は」 = having already done/decided, one must…; only connects to a verb.