Japanese grammar

What does ~うちに mean? Japanese grammar N2

~うちに means while still…; taking the chance while….

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N2
StructureVる/Vている + うちに
い形 + うちに
な形 + な + うちに
Nの + うちに
Romajiuchini
Meaningwhile still…; taking the chance while…

Forming it

Noun今日 → 今日のうちに
i-adjective若い → 若いうちに
na-adjective元気 → 元気なうちに

How to use it

Makes use of a period while a condition still holds, because it will change afterward.

  • Meaning ① TAKING ADVANTAGE: 「若いうちに、いろいろ経験したほうがいい」 — the opportunity will no longer be there later.
  • Meaning ② A GRADUAL CHANGE: 「話しているうちに、眠くなってきた」 — while doing A, B happens naturally and unintentionally.
  • The negative form 「Vないうちに」 = before...: 「暗くならないうちに帰ろう」.

Examples

  • You should have many experiences while you are young.

  • Let us head home before it gets dark.

Keep in mind

  • Na-adjectives connect with 「な」, nouns connect with 「の」.
  • In meaning ②, the following clause is an unintentional change.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong元気(げんき)のうちに旅行(りょこう)したい。

    While I'm still healthy, I want to travel.

    Correct元気(げんき)なうちに旅行(りょこう)したい。

    A na-adjective connects with 「な」.

  • Wrong暗(くら)くなるうちに帰(かえ)ろう。

    Let's go home before it gets dark.

    Correct暗(くら)くならないうちに帰(かえ)ろう。

    The meaning "before" uses the negative (ない) form.

Exam tips

  • 「うちに」 = while still...; 「ないうちに」 = before...

Related patterns

All N2 grammar →