Japanese grammar

What does ~以外の mean? Japanese grammar N2

~以外の means other than; except for.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N2
StructureN + 以外の + N/N + 以外に
Romajiigaino
Meaningother than; except for

Forming it

ConnectionN + 以外の + N/N + 以外に

How to use it

Excludes an object from the scope. As a modifier, use 「以外の+N」.

  • 「N以外」 = other than N. As a modifier 「以外の+N」, as an adverbial 「以外に/以外は」.
  • Combined with 「以外に~ない」 = there is nothing besides N (emphasizes exclusivity).
  • Different from 「~のほか」 (besides N there's also more — includes N): 「以外」 EXCLUDES N.

Examples

  • Everyone except Mr. Tanaka came.

  • Besides Japanese, I also study Korean.

Keep in mind

  • 「以外」 excludes N; 「のほか」 includes N as well.
  • As a modifier: 「以外の+N」.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong田中(たなか)さん以外(いがい)な人(ひと)です。

    Correct田中(たなか)さん以外(いがい)の人(ひと)です。

    以外 modifies a noun with の, not な.

Exam tips

  • 「以外」 = other than N (EXCLUDES N); 「のほか」 includes N as well.

Related patterns

All N2 grammar →