Japanese grammar

What does ~で(means・tool) mean? Japanese grammar N5

~で(means・tool) means by/with ~ (means, tool, material).

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N5
StructureN で V
Romaji~ de
Meaningby/with ~ (means, tool, material)

How to use it

Indicates the means or tool used to do an action.

  • Means of transport: 電車で・バスで・車で.
  • Tools: はしで食べます・ペンで書きます.
  • Important exception: WALKING does not use で — say 歩いて行きます (go on foot), not 足で行きます.
  • Language also uses で: 日本語で話します (speak in Japanese).

Examples

  • I go to school by bus.

  • Let's speak in Japanese.

Common mistakes

  • Wrong足(あし)で学校(がっこう)へ行(い)きます。

    Correct歩(ある)いて学校(がっこう)へ行(い)きます。

    Walking is expressed as 歩いて, not 足で.

Related patterns

All N5 grammar →