Japanese grammar

What does ~ようにする mean? Japanese grammar N4

~ようにする means to make an effort to ~, to make it a habit to ~.

Quick facts
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N4
StructureV (dictionary form) + ようにする
V ない + ようにする (try not to ~)
V (dictionary form) + ようにしている (maintaining a habit)
Romaji~ yō ni suru
Meaningto make an effort to ~, to make it a habit to ~

Forming it

Negative食べない → 食べないようにする
Affirmative歩く → 歩くようにする
Ongoing habit~ようにしています
Resolution from now on~ようにします

How to use it

Talks about a conscious effort to maintain or change a behavior.

  • This pattern expresses a deliberate, repeated EFFORT, not a single action. It talks about adjusting one's own behavior in a certain direction.
  • It's important to distinguish 3 forms: ~ようにする = from now on I will try (a new resolution); ~ようにしている = I'm still maintaining it (an existing habit, used most often); ~ようにした = I started trying at some point.
  • Don't confuse this with ~ことにする (deciding to do something). ~ことにする is a firm, one-time DECISION (来月から日本へ行くことにしました); whereas ~ようにする is a continuous EFFORT that may fail (毎日日本語を話すようにしています).
  • Also don't confuse this with ~ようになる — that describes a natural CHANGE that occurs (has become possible), not an active effort.

Examples

  • For my health, I try to eat vegetables every day.

  • I try not to drink coffee late at night.

  • I understand. From tomorrow I will try to come early.

Keep in mind

  • Since it carries the meaning of effort, this pattern often pairs with frequency adverbs: 毎日, なるべく, できるだけ.
  • When responding to advice, ~ようにします is a very polite and sincere reply: "yes, I'll try".

Common mistakes

  • Wrong来月(らいげつ)、国(くに)へ帰(かえ)るようにします。

    I've decided to go back to my country next month.

    Correct来月(らいげつ)、国(くに)へ帰(かえ)ることにします。

    Going back to one's country is a firm, one-time decision → use ~ことにする. ~ようにする is only used for repeated effort.

  • Wrong毎日(まいにち)、漢字(かんじ)を練習(れんしゅう)したようにしています。

    I try to practice kanji every day.

    Correct毎日(まいにち)、漢字(かんじ)を練習(れんしゅう)するようにしています。

    Before ようにする, the verb must be in the DICTIONARY form or the ない form, not the た form.

Exam tips

  • The quartet often confused at N4: ~ようにする (try to) / ~ようになる (come to) / ~ことにする (decide to) / ~ことになる (it has been decided that).

Related patterns

All N4 grammar →