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Vocabulary

What does ～下 (～か) mean?

～下 (～か, ～ka) means under, subject to (a condition) (suffix).

Quick facts
Reading～か
Romaji～ka
Level (estimated, JLPT framework)N2
～か
N2 · estimated, JLPT framework～ka

under, subject to (a condition) (suffix)

Example sentences

  • Under this condition, it is difficult.

  • I am working under his guidance.

Kanji in this word

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Data sources and licences

Entries, readings and English glosses: JMdict — Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group (EDRDG), licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Example sentences and their translations written by GoMe.

Voice: VOICEVOX Nemo.

N5–N1 levels on this page are estimates based on the JLPT framework, drawn from community benchmarks. GoMe Nihongo is not affiliated with the Japan Foundation or JEES, which administer the JLPT.